Mode of casting soil, water, and gas pipe direct from the blast-furnace in permanent molds.



B. A. GUSTER. MODE OF CASTING SOIL WATER, AND GAS PIPE DIRECT FROM THE BLAST FURNACE IN PERMANENT MOLDS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1908.

904,759. Patented Nov. 24. 1908.

6 SHEETS-SHBET l.

I TTURIIEY.

' E. A. GUSTER. MODE 0F CASTING SOIL, WATER, AND GAS PIPE DIRECT FROM THE BLAST FURNACE IN PERMANENT MOLDS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1908.

Patented Nov. 24. 1908.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

2 win/Essa? $1 gaiufy% $51 2. M

A TTOHHEY.

E, A. OUSTER. MODE 0F CASTING SOIL, WATER, AND l'AS PIPE DIRECT FROM THE BLAST FURNACE IN PERMANENT MOLDS, APPLIUATION FILED MAR. 3, 1908.

904,759. Patented'Nov. .24. 1908.

a SfiEETS-SHEET a.

WITNESSES INVEH TOR ATTORNEY.

E. A. GUSTER. MODE 0F GASTING SOIL, WATER, AND GAS PIPE DIRECT FROM THE BLAST FURNACE IN PERMANENT MOLDS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3. 1908.

904,759. Patented Nov. 24. 1908.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WI THESSES ATTORNEY.

B. A. GUSTER. MODE 0T CASTING SOIL, WATER, AND GAS PIPE DIRECT FROM THE BLAST FURNACE IN PERMANENT MOLDS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1908. 904,759. Patented Nov. 24. 1908v 6 SHEETSSHEET 8.

WITNESSES: INVE/V T0 MA W tiw/f the metal UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAIi. ALAN OUSTER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MODE or cAs'rme sorL, WATER, AND GAS PIPE nmnc'r neon TEE BLAST-FURNACE m PERMANENT MOLDS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 24, 1908.

Application filed March a, 1908. Serial No. 419,020.

provements in the Mode of Casting Soil,

Water, Furnace in Permanent Molds, following is a specification.

My invention has relation to the mode of casting soil, water and gas pipe direct from the blast furnace in permanent molds; and such invention'has been particularly evolved and reduced to practical applications and forms for the making of soil, water and other pipe, by the defined art as described and claimed in the United States Letters Patent No. 870,817, ranted to me, under date of November 12t 1907.

In the practice of making marketable pipe in permanent molds by thesaid patented system so as to be suitable for varying and Gas Pipe Direct from the Blastof which the conditions of use, it is highly desirable, that the irons presented to the molds for assuming form therein should have such constituency as to provide for certain molecular conditions in the cast structure which is aided by the mold with respect to rapidity of cooling as well as expansion and contraction of assuming form in the mold.

The principal object ofmy invention is to provide a definite or certain mode for permitting of the proper constituency and temperature of metal being presented to permanent molds direct from the blast furnace and aiding to effect and conserve molecular conditions of the formed structures in such molds coupled with the effect such molds have upon the molten iron in momentarily assuming form therein.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating three different formsof means for carrying into effect the object and defined purposes of my said invention, in'which Figures land 2, are respectively, elevational and top or plan views of means, in one form, for carrying out the mode of casting pipe direct from the blast furnace in which the molecular conditions subsequently of the formed pipe are modified so to produce a homogeneous pipe in either a soft ten metal is then condition or hard and tough state, as may be required. F i s. 3 and 4, are respectively, another form 0 means for the conduct of the said mode, showin the blast furnace connected with a CllPOfiL furnace, for corrective relations, in the treatment of the metal prior to presenting at or about a definite temperature to the molds, for giving a resultant product of defined molecular conditions and with a homogeneous character and either soft or hard and tough in texture,

as may be desirable; and Figs. 5. and 6, are,

respectively, similar views of still another form of means for carrying out the defined object of my invention, for not only correctively regulating the constituency of the metal, but also controlling within certain limits the temperature of the metal conducted into the permanent molds, for producing homogeneous pipe of defined molecular character or conditions, and ready for use, without further finishing, upon removal from the molds and after natural cooling.

Referring to the drawings with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, 10 .is an ordinary blast furnace provided with a discharge spout 11, leading to a curing means 12, of the type for instance orming the subject-matter of the United States Patent No. 87 0,869 granted to me under date of November 12th, 1907, and located above or about a turntable 13, containing a series of hinged molds 14;, each provided with a cope and a drag, such type of mold being set forth in the United States Patent No. 870,868, granted to me, under date of November 12th, 1907, and No. 887,070 granted to me under date of May 12th, 1908. The table being operated by a motor or other means, not shown. The ore is smelted in the furnace 10, under test as to the constitu'encies thereof and of whether there is an excess of whatever pristine element or elements present, as sulfur or phosphorus or both and whether high or low in silicon, determined analytically, and when these corrective relations of the iron as to its constituency are arrived at definitively, the moldischarged through the spout 11, into the curing means 12, which is then run throug gates of the molds 14, in a closed position into the interior around a composition core so that the gases can be the. same in an unchilled condition, for cutting or machining, as may be required. WVith the constituency of the iron corrected analytically, as to the proportions of the pristine element or elements, the structure subsequently cast in the permanent mold is found to have a molecular condition with the crystals thoroughly interlaced, thereby rendering the product stronger and tougher. This result is aided by a maintained high temperature of the metal in casting with respect to the temperature maintained normally of the permanent molds in use. This temperature in the molds for such results is maintained and controlled with certainty owing to the extent of metal out of all proportion to the quantity of metal at any one time brought in contact withthe interior body of the mold and to the resistant pressure of theiv inner wall of the mold combined, to change or modify the molecular conditions in the resultantstructure, so as to give thereby a homogeneous product with geometrical interlacing of the crystals of the metal to greatly toughen as well as strengthen the structure and without chilling of the exterior surface calculated to make it difficult to subsequently machine or cut the structure. Further the pipe cast in such a mold will expand and contract uniformly with respect the volume of con tacting metal of the mold present, while the molten metal is assuming form therein, thus giving a pipe which when removed from the mold will be maintained at such temperature long enough to naturally and uniformly anneal itself, so as to easily machine, if necessary, when cold.

In Figs. 3 and 4, the means is the same, as that described save that the iron from the blast furnace 10, passes by the spout 11, into a large ladle 12 and from thence into a two-part mold 14:, of the series of the turntable 13. If however, the iron is not of the required constituency, this may be remedied by the cupola corrective furnace 20, passing molten metal for obtaining that constituency into the ladle 12 before the hot mass passes into the molds 1 1. This mode of preparing the iron for conductin from the blast furnace to the molds is empdoyed only when from any conditions of the iron, corrective influences are necessary to bring such into a state for the required results 111 the casting, for instance, where the percentage of silicon in the iron is low or the graphitlc or combined carbon needs to be increased or decreased The above arrangement of apparatus provides a ready means for economically and efficiently deriving such results.

In Figs. 5 and 6, the means difiers from that of Figs. '1 and 2, by the inte position of a reheating corrective furnace 21, so as to provide for the maintenance of the temperature of the metal to be transformed in a molten state from the blast furnace 10, to

and from the furnace 21, at a defined temperature, for the casting operation. Moreover, such arrangement furnishes an economical manner of carrying out such a defined mode, with respect to the maintenance of required degrees ofheat just prior to the casting act, as well as enabling the operations to be carried on uponv a much larger scale, due to the fact that the temperature of the iron for conditioning, for casting into structures, when established can be readily maintained for regulating the temperature of the metal in casting into form to insure uniform resultant homogeneous cast structures, having defined molecular conditions.

The methods carried out by any of the several forms of apparatus of my invention, as described, not only positively avoids the presence of conditions in the resultant product to prevent uniform structures being obtaincd continuously, but it insures also structures cast of the qualities and character always required, with certainty and not haphazardly, as hitherto when cast by any of the'well known sand molding methods.

Having thus describedthe nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The herein described mode of casting structures, which consists in conducting molten metal of defined constituency and temperature from a blast furnace into a permanent'mold, the temperature whereof. differs materially from that of the metal presented thereto and bringing said metal swiftly under a materially dlflerent temperature to the point of setting to change or modify molecularconditions and thereby to derive a resultant product in a homogeneous condition, substantially as described.

structures, which consists in conducting molten metal of defined constituency and high temperature from a blast furnace, correctively treating the same, introducing it into a permanent mold, the temperature whereof is materially lower than that of the molten metal correctively treated when pre- 2. The herein described mode of casting.

s'ented thereto and then bringing the same swiftly to the point ofsetting, whereby through the series of steps the molten mass.

undergoes prior to the point of setting, the molecular conditions thereof are changed or modified in the resultant gradually cooled structure to give a (product definitely hard or soft, asrequire scribed. r

3. The herein described mode of casting structures, which consists in conductin molten metal of certain constituency an temperature from a blast furnace, correct ively treating the same, introducing it into a permanent mold, wherein at a temperature difi'ering materially from that of the substantially as demolten metal presented to the mold the mass substantially as described.

4:. The herein described mode of casting structures, WhlCh conslsts 1n conducting moltcten metal of certain constituency and tem perature from a blast furnace, correctively treating the same, introducing it into a permanent mold, wherein at a temperature differing materially from that of themolten metal presented to the mold the mass is brought swiftly to the point of setting and 5 thereafter cooling the metal gradually, whereby the molecular conditions of the metal is conserved and a resultant product derived having a homogeneous structure, and definitely tou h or hard or soft, substantially as descri ed.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses,

EDGAR ALAN CUSTER.

Witnesses:

J. WALTER DOUGLASS, THOMAS M. SMITH. 

